What do you call a testable prediction that stems from a theory?

A testable prediction that stems from a theory is termed a hypothesis. In scientific research, a hypothesis is formulated based on existing knowledge and theories, and it must be specific enough to be tested through experiments or observations. This predictive statement outlines what the researcher expects to happen under certain conditions, allowing them to gather empirical evidence to support or refute the hypothesis.

Understanding the concept of a hypothesis is crucial in the scientific method, as it guides the direction of research and experimentation. It serves as a foundation for designing experiments and establishing methodologies to collect data. When the results are analyzed, scientists can draw conclusions that either support the hypothesis or indicate the need to revise the underlying theory that led to the hypothesis.