What is defined as a substance that provides nourishment essential for growth and maintenance of life?

Nutrients are substances that provide the essential compounds needed for growth, metabolism, and various bodily functions. These can be categorized into macronutrients, such as carbohydrates, proteins, and fats, which provide the energy necessary for daily activities, as well as micronutrients, which include vitamins and minerals vital for various physiological processes.

While minerals and vitamins are important components of the nutrient category, they do not encompass the full range of substances providing nourishment. Calories refer specifically to the energy content in food, which is derived from macronutrients but does not define the broader concept of nourishment itself. Therefore, nutrients collectively represent the essential substances that support life and promote health.