What is the function of the cell membrane?

The function of the cell membrane is to regulate what enters and leaves the cell, making it essential for maintaining the internal environment of the cell. The cell membrane is selectively permeable, meaning it controls the movement of substances in and out to ensure that essential nutrients can enter while waste products and harmful substances are kept out or expelled. This regulation is crucial for numerous cellular processes, including nutrient uptake, waste removal, and communication with other cells.

The cell membrane achieves this through various mechanisms, such as passive transport, active transport, and facilitated diffusion, utilizing proteins and other structures to manage these exchanges. Proper functioning of the cell membrane is vital for the overall health of the cell and its ability to respond to changes in its environment.