What is the role of RNA in an organism?

The role of RNA in an organism primarily involves passing along genetic messages. RNA, or ribonucleic acid, serves as a crucial intermediary in the process of protein synthesis. It is synthesized from DNA through a process called transcription, where specific sequences of DNA are copied into RNA.

This RNA then functions in various forms to convey information from the DNA in the nucleus of a cell to the ribosomes, where proteins are assembled. Messenger RNA (mRNA) carries the genetic code that dictates the amino acid sequence of proteins, while other types of RNA, such as transfer RNA (tRNA) and ribosomal RNA (rRNA), play essential roles in translating that code into functional proteins.

This process is fundamental to the functioning of all living organisms as proteins perform a wide range of critical functions, including enzymatic activity and cellular structure. Therefore, the correct answer accurately reflects the primary role of RNA as it aids in the transmission of genetic information necessary for protein synthesis and cellular function.